American Thoracic Societv Diagnostic Standards and Classification of Tuberculosis in Adults and Children

Introduction I. Epidemiology II. Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis III. Pathogenesis of Tuberculosis IV. Clinical Manifestations of Tuberculosis A. Systemic Effects of Tuberculosis B. Pulmonary Tuberculosis C. Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis V. Diagnostic Microbiology A. Laboratory Services for Mycobacterial Diseases B. Collection of Specimens for Demonstration of Tubercle Bacilli C. Transport of Specimens to the Laboratory D. Digestion and Decontamination of Specimens E. Staining and Microscopic Examination F. Identification of Mycobacteria Directly from Clinical Specimens G. Cultivation of Mycobacteria H. Identification of Mycobacteria from Culture I. Drug Susceptibility Testing J. Genotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis K. Assessment of Laboratory Performance VI. Tuberculin Skin Test A. Tuberculin B. Immunologic Basis for the Tuberculin Reaction C. Administration and Reading of Tests D. Interpretation of Skin Test Reactions E. Boosted Reactions and Serial Tuberculin Testing F. Previous Vaccination with BCG G. Definition of Skin Test Conversions H. Anergy Testing in Individuals Infected with HIV VII. Classification of Persons Exposed to and/or Infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis VIII. Reporting of Tuberculosis References